stm20260719-STM32F103RCT6_HAL库_三人抢答器1.设计说明①本设计3个玩家参与抢答利用GPIO下降沿中断响应抢答②有人抢答时锁定抢答成功者利用串口输出成功抢答者并亮灯③抢答成功者长按按键2秒进入下一轮抢答。2.硬件资源MCU型号STM32F103RCT6①按键输入硬件已经加了电容消抖按键接了上拉电平有效。Player 1按键 PB3Player 2按键 PB4Player 3按键 PB5②指示灯输出上拉低电平有效。端口PC6③UATR端口UART4(PC10PC11)3.STM32CubeMXz配置3.1管脚总览PB6-PB9为其他输出此抢答器用不到忽略。3.2 SYS Debug设置3.3系统时钟RCC3.4系统72M时钟树设置3.5 按键GPIO(PB3/PB4/PB5)设置PB3/PB4/PB5设置一样PB6-PB9为其他输出此抢答器用不到忽略。开启按键中断NVIC3.6指示灯GPIO(PC6)设置3.7项目设置代码输出设置3.8生产代码并打开Keil项目工程4.mai.c代码只需要写main.c文件总共需要改6个位置的代码。4.1 包含头文件/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */#includestring.h//strlen函数使用/* USER CODE END Includes *4.2全局变量定义/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */// 定义获胜者变量0表示无人抢答1/2/3代表对应玩家volatileuint8_twinner_id0;// 定义发送缓冲区和消息字符串uint8_ttx_buffer[50];charmsg_p1[]Player 1 (PB3) Wins!\r\n;charmsg_p2[]Player 2 (PB4) Wins!\r\n;charmsg_p3[]Player 3 (PB5) Wins!\r\n;charmsg_reset[]Please ready!\r\n;// 重置提示消息#defineLONG_PRESS_MS2000// 长按2秒重置uint32_tpress_start_tick0;// 按键按下时刻计时uint8_tcheck_long_press0;// 长按检测标志/* USER CODE END PV */4.3上电初始提示/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */// 上电初始提示HAL_UART_Transmit(huart4,(uint8_t*)msg_reset,strlen(msg_reset),HAL_MAX_DELAY);/* USER CODE END 2 */4.4抢答成功逻辑处理长按计时原理主循环反复调用HAL_GPIO_ReadPin()读取真实引脚电平确认按键是否保持按下状态累计按住时长持续按住满 2 秒 → 重置抢答状态 串口输出Please ready中途松开按键 → 计时清零不会触发重置仅读取当前获胜者对应按键引脚其他按键不参与长按判断防误触发。/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */// 抢答锁定后轮询检测赢家按键持续按下时长if(winner_id!0){GPIO_PinState key_stateGPIO_PIN_SET;// 匹配赢家对应的GPIO引脚if(winner_id1){key_stateHAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_3);}elseif(winner_id2){key_stateHAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_4);}elseif(winner_id3){key_stateHAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_5);}// 按键处于持续按下状态低电平if(key_stateGPIO_PIN_RESET){// 首次按下记录起始时间if(press_start_tick0){press_start_tickHAL_GetTick();}// 判断长按满 2 秒if((HAL_GetTick()-press_start_tick)LONG_PRESS_MS){winner_id0;press_start_tick0;HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_6,GPIO_PIN_SET);HAL_UART_Transmit(huart4,(uint8_t*)msg_reset,strlen(msg_reset),HAL_MAX_DELAY);}}else{// 按键松开重置计时press_start_tick0;}}else{press_start_tick0;}}/* USER CODE END 34.6抢答中断回调处理外部中断作用只捕捉按键第一次按下瞬间完成抢答锁定后续按住不放不会反复进中断。/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */voidHAL_GPIO_EXTI_Callback(uint16_tGPIO_Pin){// 只有无人抢答时才处理抢答按键if(winner_id0){if(GPIO_PinGPIO_PIN_3)// 玩家1抢答{winner_id1;HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_6,GPIO_PIN_RESET);HAL_UART_Transmit(huart4,(uint8_t*)msg_p1,strlen(msg_p1),HAL_MAX_DELAY);}elseif(GPIO_PinGPIO_PIN_4)// 玩家2抢答{winner_id2;HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_6,GPIO_PIN_RESET);HAL_UART_Transmit(huart4,(uint8_t*)msg_p2,strlen(msg_p2),HAL_MAX_DELAY);}elseif(GPIO_PinGPIO_PIN_5)// 玩家3抢答{winner_id3;HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_6,GPIO_PIN_RESET);HAL_UART_Transmit(huart4,(uint8_t*)msg_p3,strlen(msg_p3),HAL_MAX_DELAY);}}// 抢答锁定后外部中断不再做任何处理长按判断交给主循环轮询GPIO电平}/* USER CODE END 4 */5.mai.c完整代码可直接整体替换/* USER CODE BEGIN Header *//** ****************************************************************************** * file : main.c * brief : Main program body ****************************************************************************** * attention * * Copyright (c) 2026 STMicroelectronics. * All rights reserved. * * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file * in the root directory of this software component. * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS. * ****************************************************************************** *//*三人按键抢答器抢答成功输出成功者并亮灯 成功者按键按下2秒复位抢答器继续下一轮抢答并熄灯*//* USER CODE END Header *//* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/#includemain.h#includeusart.h#includegpio.h/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */#includestring.h//strlen函数使用/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PD *//* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV */// 定义获胜者变量0表示无人抢答1/2/3代表对应玩家volatileuint8_twinner_id0;// 定义发送缓冲区和消息字符串uint8_ttx_buffer[50];charmsg_p1[]Player 1 (PB3) Wins!\r\n;charmsg_p2[]Player 2 (PB4) Wins!\r\n;charmsg_p3[]Player 3 (PB5) Wins!\r\n;charmsg_reset[]Please ready!\r\n;// 重置提示消息#defineLONG_PRESS_MS2000// 长按2秒重置uint32_tpress_start_tick0;// 按键按下时刻计时uint8_tcheck_long_press0;// 长按检测标志/* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/voidSystemClock_Config(void);/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN 0 *//* USER CODE END 0 *//** * brief The application entry point. * retval int */intmain(void){/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_UART4_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */// 上电初始提示HAL_UART_Transmit(huart4,(uint8_t*)msg_reset,strlen(msg_reset),HAL_MAX_DELAY);/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while(1){/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */// 抢答锁定后轮询检测赢家按键持续按下时长if(winner_id!0){GPIO_PinState key_stateGPIO_PIN_SET;// 匹配赢家对应的GPIO引脚if(winner_id1){key_stateHAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_3);}elseif(winner_id2){key_stateHAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_4);}elseif(winner_id3){key_stateHAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_5);}// 按键处于持续按下状态低电平if(key_stateGPIO_PIN_RESET){// 首次按下记录起始时间if(press_start_tick0){press_start_tickHAL_GetTick();}// 判断长按满 2 秒if((HAL_GetTick()-press_start_tick)LONG_PRESS_MS){winner_id0;press_start_tick0;HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_6,GPIO_PIN_SET);HAL_UART_Transmit(huart4,(uint8_t*)msg_reset,strlen(msg_reset),HAL_MAX_DELAY);}}else{// 按键松开重置计时press_start_tick0;}}else{press_start_tick0;}}/* USER CODE END 3 */}/** * brief System Clock Configuration * retval None */voidSystemClock_Config(void){RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct{0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct{0};/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure. */RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorTypeRCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEStateRCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValueRCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIStateRCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLStateRCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSourceRCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMULRCC_PLL_MUL9;if(HAL_RCC_OscConfig(RCC_OscInitStruct)!HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks */RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockTypeRCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSourceRCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDividerRCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDividerRCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDividerRCC_HCLK_DIV1;if(HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(RCC_ClkInitStruct,FLASH_LATENCY_2)!HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */voidHAL_GPIO_EXTI_Callback(uint16_tGPIO_Pin){// 只有无人抢答时才处理抢答按键if(winner_id0){if(GPIO_PinGPIO_PIN_3)// 玩家1抢答{winner_id1;HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_6,GPIO_PIN_RESET);HAL_UART_Transmit(huart4,(uint8_t*)msg_p1,strlen(msg_p1),HAL_MAX_DELAY);}elseif(GPIO_PinGPIO_PIN_4)// 玩家2抢答{winner_id2;HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_6,GPIO_PIN_RESET);HAL_UART_Transmit(huart4,(uint8_t*)msg_p2,strlen(msg_p2),HAL_MAX_DELAY);}elseif(GPIO_PinGPIO_PIN_5)// 玩家3抢答{winner_id3;HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_6,GPIO_PIN_RESET);HAL_UART_Transmit(huart4,(uint8_t*)msg_p3,strlen(msg_p3),HAL_MAX_DELAY);}}// 抢答锁定后外部中断不再做任何处理长按判断交给主循环轮询GPIO电平}/* USER CODE END 4 *//** * brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence. * retval None */voidError_Handler(void){/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while(1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */}#ifdefUSE_FULL_ASSERT/** * brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number * where the assert_param error has occurred. * param file: pointer to the source file name * param line: assert_param error line source number * retval None */voidassert_failed(uint8_t*file,uint32_tline){/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number, ex: printf(Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n, file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */}#endif/* USE_FULL_ASSERT */6串口调试结果
