文章目录1. Homebrew 介绍2. Homebrew 安装3. Homebrew 命令4. Homebrew 路径5. Homebrew 行为控制1. Homebrew 介绍Homebrew 官网https://brew.shHomebrew 是 macOS以及 Linux系统上最受欢迎且功能强大的包管理器它相当于一个命令行版本的应用商店它极大的简化了在 macOS 上安装、更新和管理软件的过程可以理解为一个转为开发者设计的 “命令行版 App Store”Homebrew 的设计非常直观主要由以下几个核心概念构成术语意译意译Formula配方复数为 formulae用于安装命令行工具和库的安装脚本Cask木桶复数为 casks用于安装带有图形用户界面 (GUI) 的应用程序Tap第三方仓库添加官方仓库之外的第三方软件源从而获取更多社区维护的软件包Cellar地窖类型为 formula 包的安装包存放目录存放所有已安装软件的根目录Caskroom木桶间类型为 cask 包的安装包存放目录2. Homebrew 安装运行 Homebrew 官方安装脚本/bin/bash-c$(curl-fsSLhttps://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)因为官方的安装脚本是从国外拉取下载的很可能遇到因为网络问题导致的各种错误解决方案配置终端代理加速国外资源的下载fatal: unable to access https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/: Failed to connect to github.com port 443 after 133124 ms: Couldnt connect to server Warning: Trying again in 2 seconds: /usr/bin/git fetch --quiet --progress --force origin在 Ubuntu 24 系统中运行安装脚本下面是安装结束后的一段输出需要关注的是/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin不在您的 Path如何将 Homebrew 配置到 Shell在 “Next steps” 中可以找到运行其代码配置到 Path Pouring portable-ruby-4.0.2_1.x86_64_linux.bottle.tar.gz Warning: /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin is not in your PATH. Instructions on how to configure your shell for Homebrew can be found in the Next steps section below. Installation successful! Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate formulae and cask analytics. Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here: https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics No analytics data has been sent yet (nor will any be during this install run). Homebrew is run entirely by unpaid volunteers. Please consider donating: https://github.com/Homebrew/brew#donations Next steps: - Run these commands in your terminal to add Homebrew to your PATH: echo /home/vboxuser/.zshrc echo eval $(/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv zsh) /home/vboxuser/.zshrc eval $(/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv zsh) - Install Homebrews dependencies if you have sudo access: sudo apt-get install build-essential For more information, see: https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-on-Linux - We recommend that you install GCC: brew install gcc - Run brew help to get started - Further documentation: https://docs.brew.sh运行Next steps片段中到代码就可以在任意终端窗口使用Homebrew了echo/home/vboxuser/.zshrcechoeval $(/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv zsh)/home/vboxuser/.zshrceval$(/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenvzsh)使用官方安装脚本可能会因为网络问题而失败可以尝试使用国内镜像源进行安装/bin/zsh-c$(curl-fsSLhttps://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/Homebrew.sh)/bin/bash-c$(curl-fsSLhttps://gitee.com/ineo6/homebrew-install/raw/master/install.sh)3. Homebrew 命令Homebrew 命令命令描述brew -v查看当前 homebrew 版本号brew list列出已安装的软件brew search 关键字根据关键字查找可安装的软件brew outdated查看可更新的软件brew info softwareName查看某个软件的详细信息brew upgrade softwareName升级某个软件brew home打开 brew 官网或应用官网查看版本号# 可以使用短名brew -vbrew--version4. Homebrew 路径Homebrew 提供了一系列环境变量用来控制安装路径、缓存位置、行为策略等# Homebrew 安装目录echo$HOMEBREW_PREFIX# 软件实际安装路径echo$HOMEBREW_CELLAR# 主仓库路径echo$HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY路径相关命令# 显示 Homebrew 本地的 Git 仓库brew--repo# 显示 Homebrew 安装路径brew--prefix# 显示 Homebrew Cellar 路径brew--cellar# 显示 Homebrew Caskroom 路径brew--caskroom# 显示 Homebrew 缓存目录路径brew--cache电脑系统Homebrew 默认安装路径macOS Intel/usr/localmacOS ARM/opt/homebrewLinux/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew查看 Homebrew 默认安装路径规则$ brew --prefix -h Usage: brew --prefix [--unbrewed] [--installed] [formula ...] Display Homebrews install path. Default: - macOS ARM: /opt/homebrew - macOS Intel: /usr/local - Linux: /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew ...5. Homebrew 行为控制常见的行为控制环境变量# 开启询问模式exportHOMEBREW_ASK1# 关闭自动清理旧版本软件包以及缓存文件exportHOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP1# 关闭这些提示exportHOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS1# 关闭自动更新exportHOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE1# 关闭统计上报exportHOMEBREW_NO_ANALYTICS1# 自动更新间隔秒一天更新一次exportHOMEBREW_AUTO_UPDATE_SECS86400当使用brew install安装软件时Homebrew 默认会自动执行清理操作包括删除旧版本的软件包只保留最新版本清理下载的缓存文件.tar.gz等安装包# 关闭自动清理旧版本软件包以及缓存文件exportHOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP1
